Continental Airlines Case Study

04 18 2012 Ariel Kramer Summary Frank Lorenzo, in 1986, owned one of the largest airline net cash in ones chipss in the world. From a small investment in Texas International Airlines, after restructuring it and delivery the troupe to profitability, Texas Air bought Continental for $154 million. In direct to reorganize the mint as a more viable enterprise, Lorenzo took Continental into bankruptcy. This process caused a walk egress by many union workers, so Lorenzo replaced strikers with nonunion workers at a good deal lower wages. Low-cost operator and cut-rate prices was Lorenzos way to manage the company.After the flock appeard proscribed of bankruptcy, Lorenzo bought Eastern Airlines. In an environment of laboured losses, he instituted a severe downsizing curriculum. At first Lorenzos move appeargond to be successfully, only if he was wrong and Eastern went out of business. In 1993, Continental tumbled once again into bankruptcy. The court approved a reorganization plan for Continental to emerge from bankruptcy. In the early 90s, a sick airline industry caused heavy losses not upright for Continental but for all the companies. In 1994, Gordon Bethune became chief executive officer of Continental Airlines.He made dramatic changes. Since Continental was by far the worst among the nations 10 biggest according to the Department of Transportation, Bethune regenerate focus on on- cadence flights, lost luggage, and customer complaints. Customers began returning and Bethune transformed the hands in a happy one by giving them benefits through and through achieved goals. The hot companys manager apologized to their customers and asked them how we could be better being serving you. sooner of the companys old focus on cost savings, efforts were directed to putting out a better product.By giving employees bonuses for meeting certain standards, the incentive was created. Competing just on price basis leaves any firm vulnerable because it flock easily be ma tched by competitors. Q If you ran the airline, would you employ possibility X or theory Y? Why? Theory X and Theory Y were identified by Douglas McGregor. There is a conclave of pack who think, smell and therefore act according to the assumptions of what he called Theory X, and an another(prenominal) group moves according to the assumptions of Theory Y. The theories suggest the possibility of managing human productivity in business organizations, as well as view human mien within them.According to Theory X, humans do not generally uniform to work, or want to work as little as possible, as such, most workers apply to be monitored and threatened with punishment to achieve the objectives of the company. Employees empty responsibilities, prefer formal orders whenever possible, show little ambition and put natural rubber above all other factors associated with work. On the Other hand, Theory Y highlights the fact that when a favorable environment, the work fuck be a natural thi ng that gives pleasure. In this environment, an employee, when enticed with a reward, engages more in carrying out his task.In succession, the employee ceases to be just under orders and responsibilities and begins looking for some responsibilities (do not pull a fast one on this theory with too much freedom or lack of obligate it is just a different way of managing human resources within the organizational environment). X and Y theories argon interesting, but we must consider the stopping point of each company and the context that a team is to generate a higher profit. Today, many organizations that succeed show strong traits influenced by the theory Y.Theory Y management style develops an open, dynamic and democratic, through which run becomes a process of creating opportunity, releasing potential, removing obstacles, encouraging individual growth and brook charge on the objectives. His management style is democratic, creating opportunities and providing guidance on the obj ectives to the employee. It is up to administrators to provide conditions for discipline and recognition of characteristics such as motivation, responsibility and potential for development to employees of the company.In this method of administration, workers smoke improve their work through their attitudes and their relationship with other workers giving the firm a better place to meet its goals. We raft say that on the Theory X, it is an inhumane theory that discards the fact that workers are human beings, normal nation, and treat them as machines, as objects, or rather, as the property of the company. An employee who should do no more and no less than the work assigned to him, without making any complaints, criticisms or suggestions.A company that adopts the concepts of theory X, employees presents themselves unmotivated and lazy attitudes and behaviors, on the other hand, if one choose to Theory Y, people bequeath interact and present motivational characteristics. Managing i s not enough. Recognize the inevitably and capabilities of your employees are essential to good business development and administration. Q Evaluate the causes and the consequences of commonplace top executive changes such as Continental experienced in the days of Lorenzo? Any company needs a plan.Lorenzo was an administrator who did not have a way of following up with a plan. He often changed his strategy at the first sign of failure and did not give beat to his top managers try to reverse the situation. Over a layover of 10 years, nine presidents had left Continental. This caused a big hassle for the company since every time he changed his plan, time and money were dog-tired to organize another strategy. Planning and focus are important aspects for a company to acquire the desired success. Each manager thinks differently. New ideas are brought after each change in administration.With several points that can be improved in the company, the focus of each manager will bet a dif ferent problem. Giving time and working conditions to a round member to develop his projects is essential to achieve results and profits for the company. Lorenzo gave no time for his top managers and each exchange, a new mentality was deployed in the company. whizz needs time to put his plans into practice and show results. Usually without time there are no results and consequently, no profit. Inconsistent strategies are vulnerable. A manager should always follow a plan to maintain the self-reliance of investors.The lack of planning is not good for the reputation of the company in addition with relation to customers. Sometimes a strategy needs to be rewrite and modified to achieve new goals however, frequent and drastic changes can produce a big burnout among employees. The exchange of managers in the company may have been one of the causes of the low profitability in which Continental had suffered in the centre of attention 80s. Q It is 1994 and Bethune has just taken over. As his staff adviser he has asked you to prepare a report on improving customer renovation as quickly as possible.He has also asked you to design a program to inform both business and nonbusiness potential passengers of this new commitment. Be as specific as possible in your recommendations. First, the company should let everyone go to bed that there have been changes in the administration. By sending email to our customers could be a good way to do it. After a period in which the company had bad times, letting customers and investors kip down about the changes can bring their confidence back and consequently many customers would start firm with us.Second, we could create a program (perhaps a resound number) where customers can catch up with complaints and propose new ideas. Confidence is everything. We get to get our customers confidence back. Emailing people cost nothing. That is a flash and easy way to get customers to know about the change. Emailing people does not take s o much time either, and, therefore, we got a combination of non-cost and few time spent on this new advertisement. By letting customers know about this new commitment, the company can expect an increase on sales because of the return of many suffering customers who are going to be waiting for a better service.In order to get the expected better service, we get to listen to our customers complaints and suggestions. A phone number where people could leave messages or talk to a congresswoman would be a great way to get it done. It is another cheap program that would get the confidence of our customers back. These two ideas will bring the company more customers since they would be excited with the new managers ideas. This will also cause a higher profit for Continental Airlines in a short period of time without spending a mickle of money.

Coca Cola Strategy Essay

Slide1 International scheme (tiu ca slide nh c) The enterprise has core competencies = the competitors in the host country does non have or difficult to develop, catch up or obey Being not under pressure to localize returns and to reduce yield costs Companys head office played a key roleSlide 2 International outline of coca Cola (1900 to 1950)1899-1909 added to 379 bottling plants across the United States for consumption of about 70 million liters / year. 1906 developing the first bottling plant in Havana, Cuba = marked the first look of Coca gage international merchandise 1936 World War stone-broke out = the bottling plant follow the army and when the war ended, coca has own subsidiaries in 64 countries. 1950 Coca cola started advertising on TV = effects promote in worldwise Slide 3 Global outlineA business system as global merchandise or single marketCompany produce and deliver the harvest-festivals which are govern and identical. Businesses build production facil ities globally in locations with low cost as the basis for operational efficiency = save cost The operation of the formation will be connected and coordinated through a central management official invent the business does not pay forethought to the important differences between different markets = opportunity for competitors to jump in and have-to doe with the needs Slide 4 Global Strategy of Coca cola (1950 to early(a) 2000)Coca-cola implementing global business strategy by producting homogeneity, uniforming marketing strategy worldwide.In the 1970s and 1980s+ very diversified distribution organisation in both horizontal and vertical, + the bottling plants of Coca-Cola were on around the world+ relate the retail stores to serve go acrossrs better.In the 1990s find new market with the advantages of the new front to the market = Africa and Asia Slide 5 Transnatoinal strategyMake a separate strategy for each country in which businesses consume theirproducts. Implemented local ized products and methods of marketing products to suit the tastes and preferences of each national market Slide 6 Transnatoinal strategy of Coca cola (from 2000s to now) Set up independent subsidiaries, joint ventures in different markets = carry out the explore and development stage products, manufacturing and marketing products in the local market. In the early 2000s success on a global scale with nature is a business providing consumer goods Local adaptation Think local, act local strategy towards adaptation but not contrary to the traditional strategy of company-global strategy Distributed organizational structure according to geographic area, including five areas-North America Latin America. Europe, Asia, Europe and the Middle East borders. Asia Africa.Slide 7 Localization strategy of Coca colaLocalization strategy the practice of adjusting a products functional properties and characteristics to accommodate the language, cultural, political and legal differences of a inappro priate market or country. For Coca Cola this will be through through a number of actions, first is changing their method of advertising. Ex In India the character of celebrities would be used more than in Africa whereby football game is the bigger love of the people Coca-Cola decided to change their iconic product name to something a little more consumer-friendly for Chinese market, adopted to use Chinese characters to present a truly localized version of their logo. Cui cng l ci lop t gi hm trc nh Hi.

Career Exploration Paper Essay

For my c beer exploration paper I choice the following demarcation Marriage and Family Therapists. That said, Most of my c beer info that is use in my paper leave behind be from O* elucidate Online (National Center for O* sack up Development, 2014). The codes that I recived from victorious the O*NET interest profiler was that my social was 23, artistic was 15, enterprising was 8, and conventional was 3.P capacious deal, who ar social, standardised interests in makeing with former(a)s to overhaul them learn and grow (Holland, 2014). That I wish locomoteing with people, instead of piddleing with machines, information or objects. Having taken twain tests, I believe that the O*NET interest profiler was my best profiler.When it came to taking Hollands theory test, I got different results It sated that my highest score was in Systematic, which content that I prefer jobs that that routine and challenging. It alike stated that I direct jobs that atomic number 18 secure I dont like changes in my routine and situations that may film me to make quick decisions. I excessively scored high in the arts, which means that I d accept a large(p) an appreciation for all the Arts. The last high score I recived was in the Health Service, which mean I enjoy helping some another(prenominal)s.The Nature of the plow for this career, including such things asThe duties that are involved in this situation are 1) They ask questions astir(predicate) the lymph glands so that they put forward help their clients recognize their expression and feelings. 2) They help clients with their concerns in their pairings, such as helping them work by means of an unsatisfactory relationships, world separated or divorce, raising their children, improving how they parcel out their home, and help them find a carriage to solve their financial difficulties. 3) They make headway family member and individuals members tin helping them in exploitation multipurpose skills and plan s overcome their problems in a beneficial manner. 4) They are answercapable formaintaining their case files that include their evaluation, progress notes and recommendations. 5) They are responsible for growing and implementing clients treatment plans which address their family relationship difficulties, damaging patterns of behaviors, and additional individual(prenominal) issues. 6) Gather information about each client, which uses techniques which includes testing interviewing, observations, and discussions. 7) Discuss with their clients to help them develop a plans for their post treatment and activities.8) They may conduct to bring up with other counselors, doctors and other professionals to help their clients croak the best care possible. 9) table service determining whether their clients should be referred to another professional in such areas as legal aid and psychiatry. 10) Monitor the results of their counseling programs and how well their clients adjusted, so that th ey gage to determine how effective the programs are (O*NET Development, 2014). The skills that are required for this position are 1) Being an active listener , 2) social perceptiveness, 3) Being able to judge, and make decisions,4) Must be service oriented, 5) Must have slap-up specking skills, 6) Be able to solve complexed problems , 7) Use critical thinking , 8) translation comprehensive, 9) Good writing skills, and 10) Being able to monitor the performance of other and yourself. The activities for this position are 1) Establishing and maintaining interpersonal relationships. 2) Assisting and caring for others.3) Documenting/recording Information, 4) Making decisions and puzzle out problems. 5) Gathering information.6) Organizing, planning, and prioritizing work. 7) Resolving involvements and negotiating with others. 8) Communicating with supervisors, peers, or subordinates. 9) Thinking creatively. 10) Coaching and developing others. Typical work day 1) This job requires that you work indoors in an environ rationally controlled atmosphere, sitting for pro yened periods of time. It also includes using the phones in lecture with clients, prospective clients and insurance companies on a regular basis. 2) You also have to have face to face contact clients and other employees. 3) You will also be working in groups or teams, to work out conflict situations. 3) This job requires that you are able to make frequent decisions that may venture other people, financial resources, or other /or the image and write up of the organization.Working Conditions According to the Florida Health Career the work environments for sum and family healers usually workin agencies, clinics, hospitals, private practice, and schools. Their hours have to be flexible so that they thunder mug accommodate working people who are required to work evenings and families that are in crisis. All of their work is indoors in well environmental conditions. As furthermost as supervision, it would vary do to the fact that the work in a various places of employment. Because of the demands of this job that has deadlines, crisis situations and multiple tasks, this job flush toilet be very stressful and demanding.Preparation and Qualifications The training and education that are required will vary by each state for marriage and family therapist. This job usually requires y a masters course is required in order to obtain your licensure. Most of the experience comes from the internships and the intensives at the colleges. The personal traits for a marriage and family therapist is to have strong trust to help people in a respectful manner, are confident, and dependable which are an important singularity of marriage and family therapists. Another important characteristic of marriage and family therapists is to be able to work with individual and have a team work skills.Opportunities and Future Outlook Employment for marriage and family therapists is project to grow 29 perc ent from 2012 to 2022, which is much faster than the average compared to other occupations. The reason for this growth is that more people will have their mental health counseling services that will now be cover by their insurance policies. Because of such growth and demand we will observe more marriage and family therapist see a bigger geographic distribution in large and small firms, which will give way to job security and advancement opportunities.Economic and Non-Economic Benefits As of Jan 8, 2014, for an entry-level education with a Masters degree in marriage and family was $40,080. Also for marriage and family therapist the median annual was $46,670 in May 2012. As far as benefits goes, most for marriage and family therapist work fulltime so they would get the following benefits such as insurance, vacation time off, sick leave, and salaried(a) education. The personal satisfaction benefits are 1) Many psychologists have flexible work schedules.2) Psychologists have the pote ntial to earn very high salaries.3) Psychologists can bear and operate their own businesses .The associated lifestyle of marriage and family therapist are that you can afford a bigger home, expensive car, go on long vacations, pay for your childs education and give more coin to charities.The psychological rewards are that psychologists get to meet and help a unsubtle variety of people.Disadvantages and or Special SituationsThe disadvantages of being a marriage and family therapist are that you have to work irregular hors to accommodate clients. This may require you to work late and sometimes weekends. virtually work maybe seasonal or require you to travel as part of their job requirements.Some of the hazards of being a marriage and family therapist are 1) dealing with insurance and billing issues can be a hassle.2) Setting up your own practice can be challenging. 3) Dealing with clients on a fooling basis can be emotionally draining. 4) You will need to pay time to finding new clients.Conclusion What I didnt know about my career choice was that you may have to travel and that some jobs are seasonal. The characteristic and requirement are not a problem with me. I was used to working in stressful environments as a surgical tech. I also was used to working late and weekends and holiday as part of my job requirements.My job was also very demanding. I have always been a caring individual, and I like helping people so I feel that I will enjoy being a therapist. I also believe that my interest and values will be fulfilled with this job. I believe that there is a great advantage using O*NET in my future career. Because this job requires that you are able to make frequent decisions that may affect other people, financial resources, the couple might be looking for higher paying jobs as one of their options and O*NET would be a useful tool in helping people finds higher paying jobs.ReferencesO*NET Interest Profiler ww.onetonline.org/link/summary/21-1013.00 Retriev ed 4/1/2014 light Holland test www.free-career-test.com/ Retrieved 5/5/2014 http//www.flahec.org/hlthcareers/MARRIAGE.HTM Retrieved 5/5/2014 www.bls.gov/ooh/community-and-social-service/mental-health-counselors-and-marriage-and-family-therap Retrieved 5/5/2014 .

Harry Potter and Brittish Culture Essay

Since the release of the initiative novel, provoke monkey around and the Philosophers Stone (titled provoke putter around and the Sorcerers Stone in the United States) in 1997, the books keep gained an immense popularity and commercial success worldwide. They have collectively sold to a greater extent than 300 million copies and have been translated into more than 63 languages. incrust has succeeded to seduced children and teenagers as comfortably as adults. In 2001, the first book has been adapted on screen, making a benefit of 976 million dollars.Joanne Rowling, who has become the bounteousest writer in literary history, insisted that the entire cast must(prenominal) be British or Irish, to keep the cultural integrity of the novels. aside commercial success, kindle has created a huge cultural movement. ravage tinker is studied at school and incites children to read. Fan websites, forums, books and Harry potter societies be everywhere. Harry has a huge impact on its readers, and it is not bizarre to find testimonies on the web relating how Harry Potter has changed ones life.Harry potter is a seemingly ordinary English subatomic male child. Orphan, he is raised by her aunt in an English suburban area in Surrey. At the age of eleven he is told he is a wizard and that he has survived an attempted murder by the evil illusionist gentle Voldermort. From this time, Harry is going To the Witchcraft and Wizardry School of Hogwarts, a medieval castle hidden from the non magical world, supposedly located in a mountainous and secluded region in Scotland. There, Harry and his friends depart get through diametric adventures and forget try to defeat Lord Voldemort.English author J. K. Rowling has set her story in Great Britain, and nates the very nearly written story of a little boy looking for his identity and fighting evil, it is a whole culture that is macrocosm dissected. The books, as well as the movies, are completely impregnated in British c ulture. Food, family, institutions, globalisation, politics, architecture, internationalism, English values, gender, clichs, history and many other aspects are pictured and criticised.Analysing the different aspects of British culture in the books, only look ating the text itself would be a mistake. In Harry Potter and British Culture I consider Harry Potter as a story with a rich literary background, as a schoolboy, as an English and worldwide phenomenon, as the friend of millions of people, as a commercial success, and an educational model. There is as much cultural aspects in the books and films than outside them. mulling the effect of Harry on people, either fans or apparitional detractors can teach us a lot about English culture and its disparities.My study will take into account Harry Potters British literary heritage children literature, boarding school story, fantasy, mythology, fairy tale, Rowlings work has a very rich literary background. I will as well provide an analy sis of Rowlings use of the books to picture and criticise British society. In addition to this, I will study the reception of the books in the Anglophone world.BibliographyPrimary texts Rowling, Joanne K., Harry Potter and the Philosophers Stone (London Bloomsbury, 1997) Rowling, Joanne K., Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets (London Bloomsbury, 1998) Rowling, Joanne K., Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban (London Bloomsbury, 1999) Rowling, Joanne K., Harry Potter and the chalice of Fire (London Bloomsbury, 2000) Rowling, Joanne K., Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (London Bloomsbury, 2003) Rowling, Joanne K., Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince (London Bloomsbury, 2005) Rowling, Joanne K., Fantastic beasts and where to find them (London Bloomsbury, 2001)Films Harry Potter and the Philosophers stone, dir. Chris Columbus (Warner Brothers, 2001) Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, dir. Chris Columbus (Warner Brothers, 2002) Harry Potter and the Prisoner of As kaban, dir. Alfonso Cuaron (Warner Brothers, 2004) Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, dir. Mike Newell (Warner Brother, 2005)Secondary Sources Abanes, Richard, Harry Potter and the script the menace beyond the magic (Camp Hill, Pa Horizon Books, 2001) Analysis of the religious aspects in the books and of the controversy around them. Abrams, Philip, Work, urbanism and inequality UK society today, ed. P Abrams (London Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1978) Study of modern British society social classes and inequalities. Anatol, Giselle Liza (Ed), Reading Harry Potter Critical Essays (Westport, Conn. Praeger, 2003) Gathering of critical essays about the Harry Potter books. Analysis of different literary and cultural aspects. Blake, Andrew, The Irresistible Rise of Harry Potter (London Verso, 2002) Study of the Harry Potter phenomenon in Britain and the world, as well as cultural aspects within the book. Butts, Dennis, Stories and Society Childrens Literature in its Social Context (Basings toke Macmillan, 1992)Study of the influence of the society on childrens literature. Gupta Suman, Re-reading Harry Potter (New York Palgrave Macmillan, 2003.) Explanation of the Potter phenomenon. Text-based analysis of its social and political implications.

Do you think the strategic Essay

Do you think the strategic use and vaunt of emotions serve to protect employees, or does covering your true emotions at study lead to more problems than it solves? By farhanzscania As this chapter has collectionn, emotions are an inevitable cancel of peoples behavior at crop. At the same time, its not entirely clear that weve reached a point where people savour comfortable expressing all emotions at work. The reason might be that stock culture and etiquette remain poorly suited to handling overt aroused displays. The uestion is, can organizations become more intelligent about ablaze focal point?Is it ever appropriate to yell, laugh, or cry at work? most people are skeptical about the virtues of more emotional displays at the workplace. As the chapter eminences, emotions are automatic physiological responses to the environment, and as such, they can be difficult to control appropriately. One 22- year-old customer service representative named Laura who was the root word of a case study noted that fear and peevishness were routinely used as methods to control employees, and employees eeply resented this use of emotions to manipulate them.In other case, the chairman of a major television network made a practice of screaming at employees whenever anything went wrong, leading to badly hurt feelings and a lack of loyalty to the organization. Like Laura, workers at this organization were hesitant to show their true reactions to these emotional outbursts for fear of being branded as pale or ineffectual. It might seem like these individuals worked in heavily emotional workplaces, but in fact, only a narrow range of emotions was deemed acceptable. ire appears to be more acceptable than sadness in many organizations, and anger can have serious maladaptive consequences. Others believe organizations that recognize and work with emotions effectively are more creative, satisfying, and productive. For example, Laura noted that if she could express her hurt feel ings without fear, she would be much more satisfied with her work. In other words, the problem with Lauras organization is not that emotions are displayed, but that emotional displays are handled poorly.Others note that use of emotional knowledge, ike being able to read and understand the reactions of others, is life-and-death for workers ranging from salespeople and customer service agents all the way to managers and executives. One survey compensate found that 88% of workers feel being sensitive to the emotions of others is an asset. Management consultant Erika Anderson notes, Crying at work is transformative and can open the door to change. The headway then is, Can organizations take specific steps to become best(p) at allowing emotional displays without opening a Pandoras box of outbursts?

How Many Different Types of Memory System Are There?

Although the belief that retentiveness is composed of several distinct strategys is not novel, it is only around the mid(prenominal) 20th century that experimental studies carried out on amnesic forbearings progress to started to confirm it (Squire, 2004). This essay will discuss the different types of keeping systems that obtain been found, their government notes and evidence supporting their existence derived from studies on amnesiacs. Atkinson and Shiffrins (1968) multi-store model suggests that retrospect is a flow of education operateed through three stores (Myers, 2010).The showtime system called sensory computer storage (SM) processes mainly optic and auditory discipline from our environment (Myers, 2010). It is made up of several comp 1nts associated with each sense and filters information experienced by the senses iconic SM which receives visual information has a very short computer storage time of merely a one-half of a second while echoic SM which receives auditory stimuli has a slightly longer retention time of three to four seconds (Sperling, 1960 Myers, 2010). If economic aid is brought to sensory information, it is transferred to the next system called short term computer computer storage ( short-term repositing) (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968).This system processes visual and auditory information received from SM for approximately one minute and also temporarily uses retrieved information from the long-term storehouse for problem-solving (Myers, 2010). milling machines (1956) study has shown that STM is not only limited in retention duration but also in aptitude having on average a storage susceptibility of seven bits of information whether vocal or numerical (Myers, 2010). The last system is long term retrospection (LTM), often referred to as the permanent storage (Atkinson & Shiffrin, 1968).As its name suggests, it has unlimited capacity to store a vast amount of information such(prenominal) as motor skills, language, aut obiographical and factual information (Baddeley, Eysenck, & Anderson, 2009). The three basic memory stores are distinct from each some other(prenominal) in terms of encoded information, capacity and duration of information retention (McLeod, 2007). One of the strongest evidence to support this trace lies in Murdocks (1962) experiment when drinked with a list of course, the tendency was that the compositionicipants would to a greater extent likely recall the first delivery (primacy subject) and the last words (recency effect) than the words in the iddle of the list (Myers, 2010). This is known as the serial position effect whereby the first words are recalled since they have been transferred to LTM and the last words were sedate accessible in STM (Myers, 2010). However, the middle words were present for too long to be in the STM but not long enough to be encoded in LTM, giving evidence that STM and LTM are two different and separate stores (McLeod, 2008). Research on patien ts suffering from amnesia also support the multi-store model (Groome, 2006).One classic discipline is reported by Corkin (1968) just about a patient HM who suffered from anterograde amnesia He was un equal to(p) to form new memories and garbled part of his existing memories (Groome, 2006). However, despite his inability to create new memories, he was still able to have a conversation thus indicating that his STM processes were entire with normal capacity and duration (Wickelgren, 1968 as cited in Groome, 2006). He lost the capacity of only one store hence supporting the caprice that STM and LTM are separate (Groome, 2006).Another case is a patient known as KF who suffered distressd to his STM he was still able to temporarily recall visual information but could not process auditory information which made conversation difficult (Myers, 2010). On the other hand, his LTM processes were retained, again providing evidence that STM and LTM are separated systems (Myers, 2010). Altho ugh KFs case study explicitly provides strong evidence for distinction of STM and LTM, it also questions the idea of having only one STM (Groome, 2006).The damage in KFs STM seemed to have only affected the echoic and verbal aspects leaving the visual aspects intact (Groome, 2006). This suggests that STM is more hard and has separate stores for visual and auditory impact (Groome, 2006). Based on this finding, Baddeley and cheque (1974) argued that STM illustrated by the multi-store model is too simplistic (McLeod, 2008). They developed another model of STM known as the Working Memory (WM) which comprised of a two subsystems controlled by the central executive (Groome, 2006).The central executive takes on cognitive processes such as problem-solving while controlling allocation of information to the two subsystems namely Phonological loop (PL) which deals with auditory and speech-based information and visuo-spatial sketchpad (VSS) which, as its name suggests, holds information abo ut visual and spatial information (McLeod, 2008 Groome, 2006). By analyzing in more depth KFs case study, it is reported that KF had suffered disablement of his PL but still had his VSS abilities, hence providing support that STM is not unitary but in fact divided into subsystems (Warrington & Shallice, 1972 as cited in Groome, 2006).Similarly, HM who had an impaired LTM was unable to form new memories but astonishingly could still learn new motor skills although he was not assured that he actually learnt the skills (Groome, 2006). This finding questions the unified nature of LTM and suggests that on that point are two memory systems (Squire, 2004). McDougall (1924) investigated the term implicit memory which involves unconscious learning and explicit memory which involves learning with consciousness (Graf & Schacter, 1985 Schacter, 1987 Brooks, 2012).Cohen and Squire (1980) suggested that amnesiacs such as HM had an impaired explicit or declarative memory which hindered their abilities to recall previous or make new memories of facts and events (Groome, 2006). They referred implicit memory as procedural memory involved in knowledge of skills which would exempt why HM could still learn new motor skills (Groome, 2006). harmonise to Tulving, Schacter and Stark (1982), declarative or explicit memory can be further separated into two conscious systems episodic and semantic memory (Squire, 2004).Episodic memory contains autobiographical contents, is a record of a persons personal history such as birth dates and deals with past experiences (Tulving 1972 1993 2002). In contrast, semantic memory is a storage system of facts, meanings of words and cosmopolitan knowledge of the world such as the capital of cities (Tulving, 1972). Research on memory is arduous and the problems questioned are not easily solved (Tulving, 1985). At the beginning, the answer to the title question would be three but when expression into further research based on studies of amnesiacs, the number increased to about approximately seven.However, being aware of the difficult nature of memory and the limitations of its study, the more reasonable and sensible answer would be at to the lowest degree three and probably many more (Tulving, 1985). References Atkinson, R. C. , & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Human memory A proposed system and its control processes. In K. W. Spence & J. T. Spense (Eds. ), The psychology of learning and motivation (pp. 13-195). bleak York, NY Academic Press. Baddeley, A. D. , Eysenck, M. W. , & Anderson, M. C. (2009). Memory. novel York Psychology Press. Baddeley, A.D. , & Hitch, G. J. (1974). Working memory. In G. A. Bower (Ed. ), young advances in learning and motivation (pp. 47-90). New York, NY Academic Press. Brooks, S. L. (2012). Long-term memory of American Sign Language in a chimpanzee (Pan Troglodytes). see of Science in Interdisciplinary Studies. San Diego State University. Cohen, N. J. , & Squire, L. R. (1980). Preserved learning a nd retention of pattern-analyzing skill in amnesia Dissociation of knowing how and knowing that? Science, 210. Milner, B. , Corkin, S. , & Teuber, H. L. 1968). and analysis of the hippocampal amnesic syndrome 14 year follow-up study of H. M.. Neuropsychologia, 6. Graf, P. and Schacter, D. L. (1985). inherent and explicit memory for new associations in normal and amnesic subjects. daybook of observational Psychology Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 11. Groome, D. (2006). An introduction to cognitive psychology processes and disorders. 2nd ed. New York Psychology Press. McDougall, W. (1923). Outline of Psychology. New York Charles Scribners Sons. McLeod, S. A. (2007). Short Term Memory. online Retrieved from http//www. simplypsychology. org/short-term-memory. html Accessed 7 Mar 2013. McLeod, S. A. (2008). Primacy-Recency. online Retrieved from http//www. simplypsychology. org/primacy-recency. html Accessed 7 Mar 2013. Miller, G. (1956). The magical number seven, summation or mi nus two Some limits on our capacity for processing information. Psychological Review, 63. Murdock, B. B. (1962). The serial position effect of free recall. Journal of observational Psychology, 64. Myers, D. (2010). Psychology. 9th ed.New York Worth Publishers. Schacter, D. L. (1987). Implicit Memory History and Current Status. Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 13 (3). Sperling, G. (1960). The information available in brief visual presentations. Psychological Monographs, 74. Squire, L. R. (2004). Memory systems of the brain A brief history and electric current perspective. Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, 82. Tulving, E. , Schacter, D. L. , & Stark, H. A. (1982). Priming effects in word-fragment completion are self-sufficient of recognition memory.Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 8. Tulving, E. (1972). Episodic and semantic memory. In E. Tulving & W. Donaldson (Eds. ), composition of memory (pp. 381-403). Ne w York Academic Press. Tulving, E. (1985). Memory and consciousness. Canadian Psychology, 26. Tulving, E. (1985). How many memory systems are there? American Psychologist. 40(4). Tulving, E. (1993). What is episodic memory? Current Directions in Psychological Science, 2. Tulving, E. (2002). Episodic memory From mind to brain. Annual Review of Psychology, 53.

Reclaiming the Commons

My paper is ground on the article entitled Reclaiming the car park, by Naomi Klein. In this article the author defines what anti-globalization movement centre in her give words. The meaning and origins of the term anti-globalization movement is disputed amongst various socialists and economists, precisely Klein says that anti-globalization movement rear mean antithetic things to divergent people based on their interests in a distinguishicular issue. It is at that placefor the movement of some movements. Before going in depth about the article, it is important to discern from where the idea of anti-globalization travel alongs from and how the movement came into being.Some argue that is all started from Seattle, merely a lot of them ar unaw ar of the dismantlet that AGM has gone through terce waves. The first wave was moxie in 1970, when oil prices skyrocketed due to sparing downturn, which lead to strikes, protests and demonstrations. The second wave erupted with the end of the cold war, during the early 1990s and the trinity gear wave democracy spread akin wild fire. The third and most important wave was during the 50th anniversary of Bretton Woods when the WTO emerged from the GATT.The third wave lead to many activist groups to rise and this lead to everywherelap emphasis on various issues like anti-capitalist groups, womens unspoileds groups, global contrariety groups, and many others. Klein mentions that people join the AGM be actor of similar interests and ideologies, which might be different from the regular mass. I personally think that people who do non agree with the common norms of society join these groups in an attempt to specify their rebellious attitude towards the big corporations and political powers.It is a haven fact that one individual can non tackle an entire organization and therefore, they line these individuals pick out together and make an organization of their own. They work together against the elites who turn near everything into commodities from education, to health cargon, to natural resources, eve we are commodities since we sell our labor, it is considered a commodity. The raw material things we need to survive are being privatized by these multinational corporations, because of their rapacity for power and profit.In our hegemonic society, most of the people are well-nigh brainwash by powerful individuals who build leadership and consensus in the face of spacious distinction. They frame and spin the truth in such a way, that it seems to be in the best interest of the citizens. People who realize this resist to the changes that are implicated on them and the society. These people with similar interests also change a group to protest against these big corporations and their immoralities.So we can see how different groups emerge because of different issues that they face. As Klein mentions in the article, activists who destiny change are non waiting for a revolution to happen, they are acting in effect(p) now because what can be done today should not be left for tomorrow. Another reason is that the global economy and infrastructure keeps ever-changing so rapidly, that it is sometimes hard to catch up to it and if they do want to make a difference, then they need to act quickly.As a result, these activists occasion their own anti-privatization drivings and most of the times these campaigns get under way on their own. Sometimes, other activist groups join in together and even though it seems that these organized groups work together, each participate because of their own benefits as I have mentioned above. For example, there can be an alliance surrounded by the womens right group and the movements of small farmers. Each have their own motifs but if they work together they can get to a greater extent direction and make their voices heard in a larger scale.These are more local campaigns that communicate every now and then but there are also la rger global scale campaigns that take patch and these protests are commonly directed towards international and supranational organizations like the G-8, the WTO, the cosmea Bank, and the IMF. These movements initially used to aim at local and national issues, but now because of globalization, they are aimed at the new global order that has no democratic institutions. During these campaigns, protestors take to the streets because that is the main form of expression that is available to them.In the article, there is an example of Maude Barlow, a Canadian activist, who said that when she was leading the campaign against NAFTA, she was doing that to fight for her nation, but now the cause has gone beyond nationality and commonwealth borders. Now things are more global and it is no longer a fight for nationalism but for democracy. When these small activist groups started to get more involved with the global society, they realized it was a much larger riddle then they anticipated. T hanks to the big corporations, they now see the root cause of these problems.It was clear right from the beginning that these corporations played a big part in creating these issues but now, the activists realize that these money hungry corporations are not only involved, but they are the ones who have created these issues and inequalities in the first place. The copious gets richer, and the poor get poorer, hence the gap keeps on getting bigger and they use the working class citizens to feed them and their selfish needs. As consumers, we constantly look at the front end of production and ignore the back end because we have never thought of looking at it in any other way. plainly for me, the back end is more of a terrifying horror story. Underpaid workers, pip-squeak labor, and sweatshops are just parts of it, and there are only a few who have stood up against this unsmooth world because most people are just afraid to give birth up against these large corporations. For example , Nike, one of the biggest corporations in the world use child labor and sweatshop and they are the ones who helped pioneer the new brand of activist synergy which canonicalally means the coalition of multiple activist groups to fight against these corporations to create a larger global effect then they would have individually.The basic cause of these activist groups is to stop the WTF, IMF and FTAA from creating any legislation that leave alone at one time affect the economy and the working class individuals. Their fear is privatization and the loss of the people. But sometimes, these activists movements turn into violent protests when outsiders who have little knowledge about the reality of the situation try and barge in. This creates chaos and thus the real shoot down remains undelivered.This happens due to the non-hierarchical structure of the movement and the unorganized press conferences. normally the protests are not thought out or planned ahead hand, which leads to dram atic circumstances. These are the reasons why companies like Nike are still in business and no matter how much or how big the protest, nothing is being done. The protests might have reduced the issue, as some would like to believe, but did not completely eliminate it. Some people ask, if they know the corporations are so powerful, why stand up against them?The reason Klein mentions is that activists usually protest because they know that the change they anticipate for, will not come through electoral politics or any other form of industrial power and thus, they challenge the constitutions and structures themselves. There is an obvious injustice and inequality that goes on which are always being undermined, and the reason why these problems occur in the first place is because of the poor decision making of these powers. preferably of the people making the decisions themselves, they are forced to follow the legislation created by these political and industrial powers.Klein also argu es that most complaints against the WTO is about governments embracing an stinting model that involves much more then opening borders to goods and services and therefore the term anti-globalization is not appropriate. But most people do not understand the term globalization and therefore this movement gets criticized over and over again. If we talk about just anti-globalization, it more or less means being against cope and globalization but in reality, the movement is not against trade but it is against the tag along that come with free trade that are imposed by the government and law makers.In this hegemonic society, it is almost impossible for an individual to stand up and fight against the system just and that is where the anti-globalization movement comes in. So through this analysis, we can see that there are two types of analysts. There are those activists who fight for global and broader issues, and there are those who fight for day-to-day survivals and are the most neglect ed. The only ways their voices can be heard is by merging the two together and form a concrete alliance that is strong enough to fight these elites.This will create a political framework that can take integrated power and control, and also empower local organizing and self-determination. Therefore, Klein says that the real motif fag the movement is not weather it is for or against trade, but if individuals have the right to negotiate the terms and conditions that come with these foreign capitals and investments. In other words, even though the term is a little misleading, their real goal is not to demolish globalization but to make it more fare and equal.

Ophelia Foreshadowing

Queen Gertrude In-depth My impression of Queen Gertrude is that she is easy manipulated. in effect(p) after king hamlet was murdered by king Claudius she easily fell for Claudius. Gertrude is a person that nevertheless thinks ab bulge out her self and only thinks what she wants. She marries Claudius because she has to or eles she wouldnt feel the king of being called a king of Denmark. She remarried so quickly one because she is easily manipulated so Claudius took her in because she would be moaning over king Hamlet.She also remarried so quickly because she wants power and she would bedevil to marry Claudius to get it. Her role wo workforce portrayed was that women didnt have power during the time and women didnt have as much rights as men had. She evasivenesss to herself and people around her to keep herself safe. In the bedroom scene is finds out that Claudius killed King Hamlet but she doesnt do anything about it. Her loyalties lie on herself because she only wants to prot ect herself and has to lie to do that. Ophelia ForeshadowingOphelia is the daughter of Polonius and whom Hamlet loves. Her role in the shimmer was to be Hamlets girl in the play. there was some foreshadowing that led to the dead of Ophelia. In the beginning of the play Hamlet starts to act a little crazy with meant Ophelia was gonna be case-hardened differently. If Hamlet didnt go crazy and mad , it wouldnt have made Ophelia depressed making her kill herself later on in the play. Another foreshadowing of Ophelia deaf would be after Hamlet breaks her plaza and then killing her father Polonius c

Home Theater Systems

The development of in-home battleground surround toilsome speakers has evolved drastically in the past decade, turning peoples generic living areas into replicas of movie theaters. Home theater corpses were initially four-channel audio constitutions created originally by Dolby Digital Surround systems.With the cast up in technological advancements throughout the past decade, Dolby Digital has released ts highest speaker system of seven- channel. At first, during the early 50s and 60s the movie industry found t eyelid the more channels of sound that was added, the higher enjoyment and response was given back by the audience. Therefore, as a result speakers were added behind the audience for the meet sounds and the leave and right speakers were then used for the music. The invention of the home theater system generally relates to the reproduction of stereophonic sound.More particularly to the reproduction of the stereophonic sound associated with a video image of some sort. Imag es and sounds are reproduced so hat dialog is localized to the video image and ambience or surrounding sound effects are reproduced in a manner that immerses the auditor or consumer in realistic or three-dimensional sound field. In previous attempts to reproduce these sounds, numerous monophonic and stereophonic sound systems engage been developed in an attempt to achieve reliable sound reproduction. 1 single-channel audio refers to the reproduction of sound through only one channel. When employ monophonic audio you cannot tell which direction the sound was produced.

Machiavelli and Morality Essay

When reading Niccolo Machiavellis The Prince, one screwt abet but grasp Machiavellis argument that theology and politics can non exist in the same forum. However, when examining Machiavellis various concepts in depth, one can conclude that perhaps his suggested fierceness and injustice is furnish by a example end of sorts. First and foremost, one must(prenominal)(prenominal) f either in the under stand up that this book is aimed solely at the Prince or emperor moth with the express purpose of aiding him in maintaining power. Therefore, it is essential to grasp his concepts of fortune and virtue.These twain contrary concepts reflect the manner in which a Prince should govern piece minimizing either chance and uncertainty. This kind of governing demands furiousness to be interpreted, further this is single done for the strict purpose of maintaining his throne, and generating both fear and perplexity from his raft. In all cases of violence, Machiavelli limits the amou nt of violence that needs to be taken d protest to the minimum, and most cases the victims of these acts ar enemies of the mountain.Behind the violence, the prince is essentially taking the percentage of the villain and assuming all bad acts so that his pot do non use up to suffer and commit the acts themselves. In addition, all the Prince asks for is to not threaten his power and to respect it. In the 16th Century, this request is wobbly comp ared to those of other hierarchical Monarchies. In the end, Machiavellis Prince look ats all the burden of violence while leaving his noble people to act as they smell out accordingly without hassle of their lively hood. This is Machiavellis ultimate stroke of morality. in front examining how the interaction of violence and politics lead to morality in the end, it is burning(prenominal) to analyze exactly what Machiavelli demands of his Prince. First and foremost, Machiavelli harps upon the concept of fortune and virtue. By fortune, he means that e precisething is left to chance, while nothing will guarantee that a certain event will occur. Machiavelli writes that a Great long standing Prince never rules with fortune. Through risk and chance, one leaves him open to failure hence action should be withheld if an element of chance is involved. Machiavelli ties virtue very intimately to that of prudence.He defines virtue as acting exceptionally and draws a trace between morality and virtue. In many respects Machiavelli defines virtue by prudence. If a linguistic rule is able to balance his violence, keep his subjects appeased, and have a dire understanding of his threats, then in Machiavellis eyes the ruler has a strong virtue. What must be understood is that the throne is incessantly in jeopardy and someone is always there to try to thrill the prince off his pedestal. This is a prime understanding that a prince must have, and fuels the disreputable argument by Machiavelli that it is better to be feared th an love.Machiavelli explains that, for the most part, love is very subjective and eventually will subside unless further concessions are make to appease his subjects. In addition, people only care about their ain conveniences and a prince would have to overextend himself if he were to be loved by all. Fear, however, is not subjective and has a universal effect on all his people. Fear can be attained by stray violent acts. One must understand, however, that massive amounts of violence can not be done because it would portray the Prince as tyrant, and might stir up his people to revolt against him.The acts must be calculated, concise, and serve a compute purpose not only to his benefit but to the peoples likewise. Despite what might be assumed, Machiavelli is really developing a principality based around the people, where the Princes actions are merely to save his confess head from the chopping block. In essence, Machiavellis ideal principality sustains a echt sense of morality behind the violence that must be subjected in order to maintain stability. Looking at his plans subjectively, Machiavelli could very easily have broken down the subjects in a hierarchical fashion or forced upon them large sum taxes and duties.He does not do this, or else opting but for the respect of the people and the lack of treachery in personal matters regarding his power. The people in his kingdom can live with tranquility, and pursue any(prenominal) they so desire. This freedom of the people and ability to act as they thumb is more than a simple convenience. Personal pursuit of happiness of all is given by the Prince but at his expense. All that the people must do is respect and not threaten the Princes power. On the contrary, the Prince sacrifices his own motives, morals, and personal happiness so that his subjects may have them.Essentially, Machiavelli paints the Prince as a Christ figure. It is the Prince who takes away the sins of the world, so to speak. He gives up his morals so that other may keep and cherish theirs. Machiavelli firmly insists that politics and morality can not co-exist. The main reason is that moral behavior is unvarying and can be predictable. Consistency and predictability are significannot ly weak components of a ruler, and could be exploited by his enemies. When a pattern of action is established, conspirators can devise and plan an overthrow.These conspirators would then plunder and pillage as they came to power whence worsening the situation in the kingdom. The people then would become the victims, and riot would soon break out creating all kinds of disorder. So, although the intentions of moral political actions are good, in the end they will lead to immoral acts. The actions he takes are not just violent tyrannical activities rather they are sacrifices. He is the one who must live with the guilt of sin, not his constitutes. In price of morality, the Prince does not demand any unmoral action from his subjects.He shoulders it all. It is in addition the Prince who, although it is also for his personal safety, eliminates the tyrants that not only threaten his throne but also his people. Along the same lines as halting anarchy or riots, the excretory product of other power hungry individuals evaporates the threat of oppression on the people from another exterior source. One thing that remains consistent in his principality is that people maintain their honor and esteem, and this unselfish sacrifice is what makes the Princes actions in actuality quite moral.Another aspect that one can not help but ignore is that fact the Prince assumes the position of ruler at the costs and expectations. For being a Prince, he must at measure be prudent and aware of his position with the people. Machiavelli writes the Prince must be seen as moral by the people. The fact underlies the importance of morality for Machiavelli. Without morality and without the pattern of morality in a Prince, civil disorder will occur. Morality, with its uncertainties, provides at the very least a common non-violent base in which subjects have a set of rules could live by.What makes morality important to the Prince is that it also allows him a statute of sorts. For example, if people operate by their morals than the Prince has not to worry such problems as stealing, killing and other immoral actions. Therefore, just by appearing to be moral, morality can be used as a tool to control and harness the people below him. As Prince, Machiavellis existence and power is constantly threatened. However, it is not simply a job or power that the Prince would lose if he is to be overthrown from his position. It is, in turn, his life that the Prince would lose if he were overtaken.Therefore, it could be conceived that the Prince is acting and utilizing violence simply to save his own life. Saving a life, even it is your own, follows within the moral code. You could though look at the situation from a different perspecti ve. Machiavelli argues that the only noteworthy position a moral person can assume is that of a martyr. However, I disagree with this statement because although one could be reveled as a martyr, the possible effects of a new princes statutes off the beaten track(predicate) outweigh the benefits of being a martyr.As a martyr people simply become energized and support your cause. However, if a Prince is such martyr, that would mean a new Prince is in power and could instill far worse conditions upon the people. Therefore, with his subjects as the top priority, morality demands that the Prince must stay alive and allow the people to prosper under his free monarchy. Machiavellis Prince is a book in which Machiavelli outlines the actions a Prince must take to hold and maintain power in a principality.Within the context of the book, Machiavelli brings forth the notion that prudent violence must be done in order to maintain the throne. In addition, he strongly expresses the ideology that a Prince can not be both moral and political. However, behind this argument lays the foundation of morality. The Princes evil actions although not moral seem to sustain morality for the subjects within his principality. The Prince assumes all immoral behaviors and thus, by sacrifices himself for the people, is indeed moral in the end.

My Personal Health and Wellness Plan Essay

With my ain health and swellness plan, health and wellness argon related terms. We define health as a state of well being that encompasses mind, body, spirit and community. Wellness is an active, lifelong process of becoming certain of choices and making decisions towards a more balanced and full filling life. With my personal health and wellness plan, I am looking forward to improve my health and being through a stable plan to just a happy life. I believe this plan can be on cloud nine with my family and loved ones. My plan helps me cover different aspects of life.Such as measurable goalsI have a plan to lose around 10 pounds by doing exercise and brisk walk for half an hour. Participation in higher education program to give babies and toddlers quality care, based on current research on social, emotional, cognitive and development.Elements of physical seaworthiness and pabulumI do daily huntout to improve my physical fitness and establish healthy and balanced diet.Nutrition planBreakfast igniter Breakfast.Morning snack Tea and rich fibre cookies.Lunch fellowship made sandwich.Dinner Proper meal with my family members.Stress managementFor accent mark management, I do pray daily and meditation before whap time. Mostly I go to Gurudwara for mind relaxation. Read holy books and take guidance from books.Spend more time with family members and children and try to take advice from them.fiscal managementBeing financially stable is as integral set out of personal wellness. Managing cash flows risks through risk management and insurance techniques. supply for the reduction of tax liabilities and freeing-up of cash flows for otherpurpose.Social need destiny others and being able to recognize the contributions of others fulfills the esteem needs. Finding people and stimulate connections contributes to love and belonging needs. Work to starther on a divided problem helps meet the self esteem. It is easier to maintain a health and wellness program if yo u build in recognises. This is especially important if you have had clog staying on a diet or exercise program in the past.The reward should be smaller and more frequent in the kickoff with a continuous build up toward a big reward once major goals are reached. A special vacation office be an ultimate reward. New clothes, jewellery or other opulence items might be an intermediate rewards. But you dont get a record unless you complete the plan and reach the goals you set of yourself. Of be given that would be its own reward, but its our health and wellness work steady and hard and then enjoys our self.

Girl Interrupted Character Analysis Essay

Border downslope genius indisposition is characterized by lifelike shifts in mood. This is often accompanied by consequences of raging aggression, substance abuse, and self damaging behaviors. People with borderline reputation rowdyism will sometimes attempt suicide impulsively in periods of ut roughly(prenominal) depression or anger. Often times people with borderline personality unsoundness feel extremely bored, empty, mistreated and alone. Intense feelings of loneliness usually are followed by frantic efforts to avoid being alone.Suzanne is initially charge for taking a bottle of aspirin with a bottle of vodka. She claims that she was non trying to kill herself, but only get rid of a headache. At the beginning Suzanne claimed that she had no bones in her hand. This fits more with a delusional throw out of kilter. Suzanne often exhibits spontaneous damaging behavior that is mainly sexual. separate spontaneous behaviors include breaking out of the hospital, stealing he r medical files, and not taking medication. She also aids in drugging a go for and steals a guitar from the art room to help cheer up other patient. Spontaneous dangerous behavior is one of the major signs of borderline personality disorder.Suzanne has strange ideas about her symptoms and diagnosis, the major example being the bones in her hand disappearing and then reappearing. She often seeks to be alone shows more social anxieties around people and had a lack of close friends on outside of the hospital. These symptoms go along with schizotypal personality disorder. Contradictions to the possible schizotypal personality disorder would include that she is sometimes the life of the party which falls in line more with borderlines. She also desperately seeks male attention leading to her unclouded sexual behavior that goes against the seeking of complete isolation often exhibited by others with scizotypal personality disorder. Her social anxieties are not clear in the impression and it is unknown whether they are because of negative feelings about her or whether she has paranoid fears.patronage the schizotypal possibility it is more likely that she has borderline personality disorder. This is because she clearly exhibits the bulk of the signs of someone with borderline personality disorder including self destructive behavior, feelings of emptiness, intense shifts in mood lasting only a short period of time, consistent suicide ideation, feelings of rejection and not fitting in. Even the schizotypal symptoms can be explained by borderline personality disorder. People with borderline personality disorder often have odd thinking, quasipsychosis, and unusual perceptions. Although Suzanne showed symptoms of many types of disorders, the Borderline that she was diagnosed with was the most fitting and prevelant in her actions in the movie.

History and Literature V.S. Science and Mathematics Essay

Nowadays, savants have the rights to choose different subjects they would like to withdraw at university. Some like science subjects can register to interpret science and mathematics meanwhile, some allow for prefer to study nearly history and writings. Personally, I think that it is more important for every student to take part in history and literature class since these subjects ordain educate students roughly the past of history and give them rich sources of glossiness values. Most importantly, history is all records of the past about our province. Learning this subject, students will know about the historical development process of expanse, such as, when our country established, how our ancients had defended the enemy bravely. every of those like real evidences to tell us once more about their sacrifices for the countrys independence and freedom for the next generations. keen thoroughly about history teaches us about the loyalty, and how long the deaths of the def y generations are. Today, we do not have to go to battle to fight again the enemy, but it is very important to help country become hefty on the economic battle after long time our country underwent the severe war. If every student understands history of their country, they will recognize the impressiveness of their roles in the common development process of country by canvas well and become successful people in the future. That will be grateful awards for those who have commit themselves for countrys liberty in the past.Besides that, literature is also important to check off at university since it is the great cultural materials from the past to now. Unlike history teaches us historical stories, literature educates us about cultural values. Through great verses, or poses, we learn about the beauties around our life, our family, such as the motherhood, neighborhood, and couple love. Whenever I read a nice verse about homeland, I detect very exciting and become loving my homeland more and more. All of them are really the vital food for our mental life which cannot mother by simply studying equations or algorithms in mathematics. In conclusion, I think history and literature would be put in the plan in university since it is very necessary for all of us to know about history of country. Moreover, they also teach us valuable lessons about culture values in life which I sure that if our study is without literature our culture must be very different and boring.

Geomechanics Lab Report

Aim The main conception of this investigation was to charm the various stages of the Atterberg take a hops. These included the naiant recoil take in (LL), charge card get canvas (PL), charge coat index test (PI) and analogue shoplif abideg (LS) of a land pattern provided by the administration. This was whence fol broken ined by a select analysis to lay the constituent sizing of it scattering of another grime hear so that a suit up to(p) miscellanea in twain situations could be make in consent with the Australian Standards AS1726 1993. military operation ( test preperation)On setoff of the experiment, each group was provided with twain unwraps of 500grams of demesne retrieved from the field and then oven dried by the experiment supervisor. One part of the primer coat judge was coarse particle gravel for the particle sizing distribution map and screen door analysis, whilst the remaining 500 grams of footing was of exquisitely grained fraction. * gr ooming of discourteous miteed Fraction During this function the cumulation of 500grams of primer coat was save and soaked in weewee for duration of 24 hours. This was then followed by placing the dent savor into a 0. 75mm mesh sieve and the entire o.k. particle was process away victimisation running tap piddle and a handsome spray bottle until the piddle had started running clear. The sieved audition was then transferred in a tray which was again put into the oven at speed of light degrees for 24 hours. * zeal of each(prenominal) right Grained Fraction The remainder of the 500 grams of the standard was then sieved with with(predicate) a 0. 425 mm mesh sieve and the circumscribe collected. This procedure was make until approximately 150 to 200grams of material was successfully transeunt sieve. Procedure ( blind compendium)This procedure elusive the sieve analysis of the coarse fraction. This involved weigh the chew of the oven dried coarse grained fracti on so that we ar able to look the particle size distribution. For this experiment the deal of coarse fraction employ was 312. 10 grams. This was then followed by arranging the sieves from roundabout to tin can in order from larger gapped mesh in the sieve to the sm each(prenominal)er peerless (i. e. 37. 5mm to 0. 075mm) and then pouring the adjudicate in the whirligig sieve whilst shakiness it for approximately 10 minutes.This provided mechanical energy to the ground allowing for it to pass all the sieve layers. The next procedure involved enter the disgrace atomic pile that had accumulated on each sieve and the bottom pan. advertisemore the voice of original mass retained and cumulative transitory % vs. particle size game has been constructed as turn inn in adjunct A. As shown in the plot it can be noted that the essences obtained were not holy enough for the sound size foster of D_10 and D_30 to be calculated. Yet the utile size D_60 was able to be embed a nd was shown to be 1. mm as shown in the particle size vs percentage passage display panel in appendix A. collectible to the fact that all effective size set arrive not been able to be attained from the graph, the uniformity coefficient C_u and the coefficient of busting ball C_c were not able to be calculated. Yet if they could be then they would be calculated utilise these pars Cu=D60D10 Cc=D102D10*D60 where CU=Coefficient of breaking ball Cc=Coefficient of Curvature all in all set preserve have been further discussed in the results section of this report. Procedure (Atterberg square up points determination) * watery pose (LL)The liquidness assign test west performed on the fine Sandy dent over the traverse of both sessions to determine the water content (percentage) at the point when the injury started to behave with liquid qualities. This test procedure involved bit by bit adding water to a pad well created in two thirds of the dirty essay on a glass pl ate. Then exploitation two spatulas the audition was mixed until a smooth paste was formed. This was then followed by placing a small step of the sample into the liquid limit device and take it horizontally utilize the spatula to create a smooth surface.Using the grooving slit the sample in the cup was divided in half. To determine the deed of blows the handle of the machine was rotated at a speed of two blows per second and the second of blows recorded until the reproach oddmentd the groove to a aloofness of 1 cm. It was expected that the number of blows be as close to 25+ or 3 as possible. The group was successful in our quartetth tackle where 28 blows were recorded. Once the sample was successful it was upstage from the liquid limit cup and placed inside a house and the mass weighed. This was rigid to calculate the wet content percentage.The mixture in the liquid limit range was placed in a 0. 25 meter space mould with a internal diameter of 0. 025 meters and o dd on superlative degree of the oven so that the additive shoplifting could be unconquerable. all in all hold dears obtained ar discussed in the results. * Plastic pose (PL) To determine the malleable limit (as a percentage), aft(prenominal) which the soil could no longer be deformed water was added to the remaining one third of the dry soil on a separate glass plate and molded by hand. Small amounts of the soil were rolling on the flat glass plate until they formed into a diameter of 3 mm and then started to break apart.According to AS12989 it was proved that the soil had reached its bendable limit. This soil was then placed in a fundament and similarly to the liquid limit all mass values of the tin and sample were recorded. These were left to dry in the oven. all in all results obtained the following twenty-four hour period have been discussed in the results section. * running(a) shrinking (%) As instructed, results for the linear shoplifting were collected after du ration of 24 hours from the lab and the linear shrinkage (in percentage) was calculated using the formula LS=LsL*100 where Ls= preserve Shrinkage L=Initial Length of warningIn addition to the linear shrinkage, all dry mass results were in any case collected from the previous day and recorded as shown in the results section of this report. * Plastic might Conduction of the plastic limit and linear shrinkage test led to the calculation of the moisture content in percentage and this further allowed us to calculate the plastic index using the formula. Ip=Wl- Wp where Wl=Liquid destine Wp=Plastic particularise * sort of demesne After the soil tests have been completed as listed above and results obtained, the soil sample was classified according to the Australian Standards AS1726 1993.To attend in this compartmentalization of the soil, table 8 ( acknowledgement and mixture of harsh Grained greases) and table 9 (appellation and compartmentalization of graceful grained def ormitys) as well as represent 1 ( malleability graph vs. Liquid Limit) have been used and link in accessory C. Further criteria such as Plasticity of attractives, Color of poop, viscid strength and Classification Group symbol ( card 7 Soil Classification Symbols) can also be used. Results * choose Analysis Determining the pinpoint size distribution tooshie mount of soaked soil + case shot 203. 79 lot of modify soil + nominate 165. 0 hand of buttocks 32. 60 down of moisture 38. 19 hoi polloi of run dry Soil 133. 00 wet Content 28. 70 Initisl atomic pile of Oven dried exemplification 500g Mass of oven Dried Sample retained over 75? m 312. 1g serving of uncivil Fraction 37. 58g Mass of dry out sample passing the 75? m 187. 9g slacken 1 Soil Sample Preparation Values heart Mass of Sample used for Sieve Analysis = 500 grams Mass of Coarse Fraction of Sample Used for Sieve Analysis AS Apperture Mass Retained (g) % Retained % Passing 37. 5mm 0. 00 0. 00% 100. 00% 26. 5mm 0. 00 0. 00% 100. 00% 19mm 13. 0 2. 60% 97. 40% 13. 2mm 14. 70 2. 94% 94. 46% 9. 5mm 1. 00 0. 20% 94. 26% 6. 7mm 13. 90 2. 78% 91. 48% 4. 75mm 17. 30 3. 46% 88. 02% 2. 36mm 61. 60 12. 32% 75. 70% 1. 18mm 63. 10 12. 62% 63. 08% 600? m 51. 40 10. 28% 52. 80% 425? m 22. 00 4. 40% 48. 40% 300? m 20. 30 4. 06% 44. 34% 150? m 22. 60 4. 52% 39. 82% 75? m 7. 60 1. 52% 38. 30% Pan 0. 40 0. 08% 38. 22% nerve center = 308. 9 remand 2 element size Distribution of the Soil Sample Particle size vs. Percentage Passing (%) can be viewed in the attachment section of this report.D_10 N/A D_30 N/A D_60 1. 1 mm Coefficient of Uniformity N/A Coefficient of Curvature N/A sidestep 3 Particle coat finding Coefficients As the Particle Size vs. Percentage Passing graph was unable to be plotted fully, the values for D_10 and D_30 could not be dictated hence not allowing the Coefficient of Uniformity and Curvature to be found. * Atterberg Limits close (Liquid Limit) Liquid limit a nalyze no. turn out 1 raise 2 Test 3 Test 4 terminate 12 58 80 61 Number of Blows 7 21 14 28 Mass of Wet Soil and rear 45. 8 35. 77 39. 32 27. 6 Mass of Dry Soil and Tin 38 28. 4 34. 5 22. 5 Mass of Tin 24. 21 14. 57 26. 31 15. 42 Mass of Moisture 7. 8 7. 37 4. 82 4. 86 Mass of Dry Soil 13. 79 13. 83 8. 19 7. 08 Moisture Content 56. 56% 53. 29% 58. 85% 68. 64% Table 4 Liquid Limit ratiocination The results obtained in the table 4 (liquid limit determination) above show that after conducting four tests in the lab the number of blows were varied sort of a lot. The moderateness behind this was that at the start a great amount of liquid then required was placed in the soil making it two wet.Then as extra dry soil was added to the sample the number of blows gradually increased allowing for a result acceptable within the 25 + 3 limit was met in test 4 therefore the soil samples LL can be taken as 68. 64%. * Atterberg Limits Determination (Plastic Limit) Plastic Limit Test no. Test 1 Tin 16 Mass of Wet Soil and Tin 37. 06 Mass of Dry Soil and Tin 34. 5 Mass of Tin 23. 94 Mass of Moisture 2. 56 Mass of Dry Soil 10. 56 Moisture Content 24. 24% Avg. Moisture Content 59. 34% Table 5 Plastic Limit DeterminationThe above table represents the values calculated and determined results for the plastic limit of the soil in this experiment. This was make by weighing the mass of the soil and tin after it had been rolled into a 3mm diameter rod until it crumbled and then oven dried. * Atterberg Limits Determination (Plastic Index) Looking at the graph attached in the appendix B (Number of Blows vs. Moisture Content), the value for the Plastic Limit was unable to be as accurately determined as we would have hoped but using the plastic Index equation below it was found to be 44. %. Plastic Index %= Liquid Limit-Plastic Limit=___________% Plastic Index %= 68. 64-24. 24=44. 4% Linear Shrinkage Determination barf nary(prenominal) 3 Crumbling of Sample NO Length of Mo uld 254mm Curling of Sample NO Length of Soil 222mm Cracking of Sample YES Linear Shrinkage 12. 60% * Atterberg Limits Determination (Linear Shrinkage) Table 6 Linear Shrinkage Determination After removing the mould containing the soil sample after 24 hours from the book binding of the oven, the linear shrinkage of the soil was measured using a ruler.The result as shown above in table 6, the soil has shrunk 32mm in length and cracking of the sample has occurred. The same has not crumbled at touch and has not shown any curling effects. The Overall linear shrinkage is calculated to be 12. 60%. LS=LsL*100 LS=32254*100=12. 60% discussion The miscellany of the Coarse and Fine Grained soil was made according to the Australian Standards as1726 1993. All acknowledgment of the results and classifications of the Sieve Analysis and Atterberg Limits have been made through the combination of the appellative and classification tables in the appendix. Coarse Grained Soil As per the Particle size plot in the appendix, the sample is shown to have besides coarse grain materials. Consisting of 22% Gravel (7% Medium Grain and 15% Fine Grain) and 38% Sand (22% Coarse Grain, 13% Medium Grain and 3% Fine Grain), indicates that the soil is wide distributed and hence making it a Gravelly SAND. * Fine Grained Soil Using the Atterberg Limits to find the Plastic Limit and Liquid Limit percentages, these were applied to the Plasticity vs. Liquid Limit chart (AS1726-1993) to determine the classification of the soil sample.As the intersection point is below the A line with a high liquid limit of 68. 64%, the reception to shaking was low to none and the toughness is low, the classification of the soil sample is most possible to be MS-SILT Highly Plastic. Also according to the Australian Standards the color of our soil was Brown mottled red-brown. Since the fine grained soil was coherency less and leave office running we can classify the soil as dry. In concord to the Plasticity vs. Liquid Limit chart the soil is of High Plasticity as the liquid limit was of a value greater than 50%.In addition to the above, the particle size distribution wrap is also widely spread so the soil is classified as Well grade. Conclusion In this experiment we used the Sieve analysis and Atterberg Limits tests to study the properties of the soil as mentioned in the Australian Standards AS1726 -1993. In addition sample tests were conducted including the liquid limit test (LL), plastic limit test (PL), plastic index test (PI) and linear shrinkage (LS) of the soil sample provided by the administration. All results obtained have been justified and the classifications of the soil made in accordance to the Australian Standards 1726 1993.References Evans R, 2010, HES2155 Geomechanics, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC. Appendices Appendix A (Particle Size vs. Percentage Passing Plot) Appendix B (Plot of Number of Blows Vs. Moisture Content) Appendix C (Soil Classific ation Tables) Table 7 List of Soil Classification Symbols. Table 8 Identification and Classification of Coarse Grained Soil. Table 9 Identification and Classification of Fine Grained Soil. Graph 1 Plasticity Chart vs. Liquid Limit Appendix D (Formulas and Sample Calculations)Geomechanics Lab ReportAim The main intention of this investigation was to determine the various stages of the Atterberg Limits. These included the liquid limit test (LL), plastic limit test (PL), plastic index test (PI) and linear shrinkage (LS) of a soil sample provided by the administration. This was then followed by a sieve analysis to determine the particle size distribution of another soil sample so that a suitable classification in both situations could be made in accordance with the Australian Standards AS1726 1993. Procedure (Sample preperation)On commencement of the experiment, each group was provided with two parts of 500grams of soil retrieved from the field and then oven dried by the experiment sup ervisor. One part of the soil sample was coarse grain gravel for the particle size distribution chart and sieve analysis, whilst the remaining 500 grams of soil was of fine grained fraction. * Preparation of Coarse Grained Fraction During this procedure the mass of 500grams of soil was recorded and soaked in water for duration of 24 hours. This was then followed by placing the soil sample into a 0. 75mm mesh sieve and the entire fine particle was washed away using running tap water and a small spray bottle until the water had started running clear. The sieved sample was then transferred in a tray which was again put into the oven at 100 degrees for 24 hours. * Preparation of Fine Grained Fraction The remainder of the 500 grams of the sample was then sieved through a 0. 425 mm mesh sieve and the contents collected. This procedure was done until approximately 150 to 200grams of material was successfully passing sieve. Procedure (Sieve Analysis)This procedure involved the sieve analysi s of the coarse fraction. This involved weighing the mass of the oven dried coarse grained fraction so that we are able to determine the particle size distribution. For this experiment the mass of coarse fraction used was 312. 10 grams. This was then followed by arranging the sieves from top to bottom in order from larger gapped mesh in the sieve to the smaller one (i. e. 37. 5mm to 0. 075mm) and then pouring the sample in the top sieve whilst shaking it for approximately 10 minutes.This provided mechanical energy to the soil allowing for it to pass all the sieve layers. The next procedure involved recording the soil mass that had accumulated on each sieve and the bottom pan. Furthermore the percentage of original mass retained and cumulative passing % vs. particle size plot has been constructed as shown in Appendix A. As shown in the plot it can be noted that the results obtained were not accurate enough for the effective size values of D_10 and D_30 to be calculated. Yet the effec tive size D_60 was able to be found and was shown to be 1. mm as shown in the particle size vs percentage passing table in appendix A. Due to the fact that all effective size values have not been able to be attained from the graph, the uniformity coefficient C_u and the coefficient of curvature C_c were not able to be calculated. Yet if they could be then they would be calculated using these equations Cu=D60D10 Cc=D102D10*D60 where CU=Coefficient of Curvature Cc=Coefficient of Curvature All values recorded have been further discussed in the results section of this report. Procedure (Atterberg Limits determination) * Liquid Limit (LL)The liquid limit test west performed on the fine Sandy soil over the course of two sessions to determine the water content (percentage) at the point when the soil started to behave with liquid qualities. This test procedure involved gradually adding water to a round well created in two thirds of the soil sample on a glass plate. Then using two spatulas t he sample was mixed until a smooth paste was formed. This was then followed by placing a small amount of the sample into the liquid limit device and leveling it horizontally using the spatula to create a smooth surface.Using the grooving tool the sample in the cup was divided in half. To determine the number of blows the handle of the mechanism was rotated at a speed of two blows per second and the number of blows recorded until the soil closed the groove to a length of 1 cm. It was expected that the number of blows be as close to 25+ or 3 as possible. The group was successful in our fourth attempt where 28 blows were recorded. Once the sample was successful it was removed from the liquid limit cup and placed within a tin and the mass weighed. This was determined to calculate the moisture content percentage.The mixture in the liquid limit range was placed in a 0. 25 meter length mould with a internal diameter of 0. 025 meters and left on top of the oven so that the linear shrinkage could be determined. All values obtained are discussed in the results. * Plastic Limit (PL) To determine the plastic limit (as a percentage), after which the soil could no longer be deformed water was added to the remaining one third of the dry soil on a separate glass plate and molded by hand. Small amounts of the soil were rolled on the flat glass plate until they formed into a diameter of 3 mm and then started to break apart.According to AS12989 it was proved that the soil had reached its plastic limit. This soil was then placed in a tin and similarly to the liquid limit all mass values of the tin and sample were recorded. These were left to dry in the oven. All results obtained the following day have been discussed in the results section. * Linear Shrinkage (%) As instructed, results for the linear shrinkage were collected after duration of 24 hours from the laboratory and the linear shrinkage (in percentage) was calculated using the formula LS=LsL*100 where Ls=Recorded Shrinka ge L=Initial Length of SampleIn addition to the linear shrinkage, all dry mass results were also collected from the previous day and recorded as shown in the results section of this report. * Plastic Index Conduction of the plastic limit and linear shrinkage test led to the calculation of the moisture content in percentage and this further allowed us to calculate the plastic index using the formula. Ip=Wl- Wp where Wl=Liquid Limit Wp=Plastic Limit * Classification of Soil After the soil tests have been completed as listed above and results obtained, the soil sample was classified according to the Australian Standards AS1726 1993.To aid in this classification of the soil, table 8 (Identification and Classification of Coarse Grained Soils) and table 9 (Identification and classification of Fine grained Soils) as well as Graph 1 (Plasticity Chart vs. Liquid Limit) have been used and attached in Appendix C. Further criteria such as Plasticity of Fines, Color of Soil, Cohesive strength a nd Classification Group symbol (Table 7 Soil Classification Symbols) can also be used. Results * Sieve Analysis Determining the Particle size Distribution Tin Mass of Wet soil + Tin 203. 79 Mass of Dry soil + Tin 165. 0 Mass of Tin 32. 60 Mass of Moisture 38. 19 Mass of Dry Soil 133. 00 Moisture Content 28. 70 Initisl Mass of Oven Dried Sample 500g Mass of oven Dried Sample retained over 75? m 312. 1g Percentage of Coarse Fraction 37. 58g Mass of Dry sample passing the 75? m 187. 9g Table 1 Soil Sample Preparation Values Total Mass of Sample used for Sieve Analysis = 500 grams Mass of Coarse Fraction of Sample Used for Sieve Analysis AS Apperture Mass Retained (g) % Retained % Passing 37. 5mm 0. 00 0. 00% 100. 00% 26. 5mm 0. 00 0. 00% 100. 00% 19mm 13. 0 2. 60% 97. 40% 13. 2mm 14. 70 2. 94% 94. 46% 9. 5mm 1. 00 0. 20% 94. 26% 6. 7mm 13. 90 2. 78% 91. 48% 4. 75mm 17. 30 3. 46% 88. 02% 2. 36mm 61. 60 12. 32% 75. 70% 1. 18mm 63. 10 12. 62% 63. 08% 600? m 51. 40 10. 28% 52. 80% 425 ? m 22. 00 4. 40% 48. 40% 300? m 20. 30 4. 06% 44. 34% 150? m 22. 60 4. 52% 39. 82% 75? m 7. 60 1. 52% 38. 30% Pan 0. 40 0. 08% 38. 22% SUM = 308. 9 Table 2 Particle size Distribution of the Soil Sample Particle size vs. Percentage Passing (%) can be viewed in the Appendix section of this report.D_10 N/A D_30 N/A D_60 1. 1 mm Coefficient of Uniformity N/A Coefficient of Curvature N/A Table 3 Particle Size Determination Coefficients As the Particle Size vs. Percentage Passing graph was unable to be plotted fully, the values for D_10 and D_30 could not be determined hence not allowing the Coefficient of Uniformity and Curvature to be found. * Atterberg Limits Determination (Liquid Limit) Liquid limit Test no. Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Tin 12 58 80 61 Number of Blows 7 21 14 28 Mass of Wet Soil and Tin 45. 8 35. 77 39. 32 27. 6 Mass of Dry Soil and Tin 38 28. 4 34. 5 22. 5 Mass of Tin 24. 21 14. 57 26. 31 15. 42 Mass of Moisture 7. 8 7. 37 4. 82 4. 86 Mass of Dry Soil 13. 79 13. 83 8. 19 7. 08 Moisture Content 56. 56% 53. 29% 58. 85% 68. 64% Table 4 Liquid Limit Determination The results obtained in the table 4 (liquid limit determination) above show that after conducting four tests in the lab the number of blows were varied quite a lot. The reason behind this was that at the start a greater amount of liquid then required was placed in the soil making it two wet.Then as extra dry soil was added to the sample the number of blows gradually increased allowing for a result acceptable within the 25 + 3 limit was met in test 4 Hence the soil samples LL can be taken as 68. 64%. * Atterberg Limits Determination (Plastic Limit) Plastic Limit Test no. Test 1 Tin 16 Mass of Wet Soil and Tin 37. 06 Mass of Dry Soil and Tin 34. 5 Mass of Tin 23. 94 Mass of Moisture 2. 56 Mass of Dry Soil 10. 56 Moisture Content 24. 24% Avg. Moisture Content 59. 34% Table 5 Plastic Limit DeterminationThe above table represents the values calculated and determined results for the pla stic limit of the soil in this experiment. This was done by weighing the mass of the soil and tin after it had been rolled into a 3mm diameter rod until it crumbled and then oven dried. * Atterberg Limits Determination (Plastic Index) Looking at the graph attached in the appendix B (Number of Blows vs. Moisture Content), the value for the Plastic Limit was unable to be as accurately determined as we would have hoped but using the plastic Index equation below it was found to be 44. %. Plastic Index %= Liquid Limit-Plastic Limit=___________% Plastic Index %= 68. 64-24. 24=44. 4% Linear Shrinkage Determination Mould No. 3 Crumbling of Sample NO Length of Mould 254mm Curling of Sample NO Length of Soil 222mm Cracking of Sample YES Linear Shrinkage 12. 60% * Atterberg Limits Determination (Linear Shrinkage) Table 6 Linear Shrinkage Determination After removing the mould containing the soil sample after 24 hours from the top of the oven, the linear shrinkage of the soil was measured usin g a ruler.The result as shown above in table 6, the soil has shrunk 32mm in length and cracking of the sample has occurred. The same has not crumbled at touch and has not shown any curling effects. The Overall linear shrinkage is calculated to be 12. 60%. LS=LsL*100 LS=32254*100=12. 60% Discussion The classification of the Coarse and Fine Grained soil was made according to the Australian Standards as1726 1993. All justification of the results and classifications of the Sieve Analysis and Atterberg Limits have been made through the combination of the identification and classification tables in the appendix. Coarse Grained Soil As per the Particle size plot in the appendix, the sample is shown to have only coarse grain materials. Consisting of 22% Gravel (7% Medium Grain and 15% Fine Grain) and 38% Sand (22% Coarse Grain, 13% Medium Grain and 3% Fine Grain), indicates that the soil is widely distributed and hence making it a Gravelly SAND. * Fine Grained Soil Using the Atterberg Limi ts to find the Plastic Limit and Liquid Limit percentages, these were applied to the Plasticity vs. Liquid Limit Chart (AS1726-1993) to determine the classification of the soil sample.As the intersection point is below the A line with a high liquid limit of 68. 64%, the reaction to shaking was low to none and the toughness is low, the classification of the soil sample is most likely to be MS-SILT Highly Plastic. Also according to the Australian Standards the color of our soil was Brown mottled red-brown. Since the fine grained soil was cohesion less and free running we can classify the soil as dry. In accordance to the Plasticity vs. Liquid Limit chart the soil is of High Plasticity as the liquid limit was of a value greater than 50%.In addition to the above, the particle size distribution curve is also widely spread so the soil is classified as Well Graded. Conclusion In this experiment we used the Sieve analysis and Atterberg Limits tests to investigate the properties of the soil as mentioned in the Australian Standards AS1726 -1993. In addition sample tests were conducted including the liquid limit test (LL), plastic limit test (PL), plastic index test (PI) and linear shrinkage (LS) of the soil sample provided by the administration. All results obtained have been justified and the classifications of the soil made in accordance to the Australian Standards 1726 1993.References Evans R, 2010, HES2155 Geomechanics, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne VIC. Appendices Appendix A (Particle Size vs. Percentage Passing Plot) Appendix B (Plot of Number of Blows Vs. Moisture Content) Appendix C (Soil Classification Tables) Table 7 List of Soil Classification Symbols. Table 8 Identification and Classification of Coarse Grained Soil. Table 9 Identification and Classification of Fine Grained Soil. Graph 1 Plasticity Chart vs. Liquid Limit Appendix D (Formulas and Sample Calculations)

The Circles of English

The Circles of position English has become maven of the most important languages a bit the humanness through speaking, different accents and words. The causality of this language has been determined by the important of United States as stinting leader and the expansion of British colonial power explained Cristal (59). fit to White, the language has different categories and barriers that make English different in the world. This creator based his research on the classification of English through trio different pass ons created by Braj Kachru.Through this essay, it will explain the different part of the Circles of English. The circles basal the barrier between English native and non-native English countries. According to Braj Kachru, the intimate circle indicates where English is the primary language United States, UK, Ireland, Canada, Australia and New Zeland, and thither are 328-380 million of great deal who speak the language the outer or extended circle involves countrie s English is not native, but it has an importance as a second language such as, India, Singapore and Jamaica.At the end, the expanding or extending circle is non-native English, without being colonized by British Empire, but it considers as a foreign language for example, Japan, Brazil, Italy and Russia. Therefore, the barriers in these three circles are the amount of people who speak the English language and the importance of English around the world In conclusion, it can be said that these three circles explain the master(prenominal) differences about the spread of English. According to Cristal the differences of historical and social issues raised by the notion of world English are presented in these circles (107).This nub how English can affect the history of different countries. Worked Cited Cristal, David. The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the English Language. 2nd ed. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 2003. Cristal, David. English as a Global Language. 2nd. Cambridge Cam bridge University Press, 1997. Print. White, Ron. Going round in circles English as an International Language, and cross-cultural capability. Cross-Cultural expertness Conference 97. Leeds Metropolitan University. 15-16 December 1997.